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  • Текст песни Learn English via Listening - Level 4 - The Golden Man and El Dorado

    Исполнитель: Learn English via Listening - Level 4
    Название песни: The Golden Man and El Dorado
    Дата добавления: 03.07.2020 | 15:38:12
    Просмотров: 2
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    Здесь расположен текст песни Learn English via Listening - Level 4 - The Golden Man and El Dorado, перевод и видео.
    When Christopher Columbus sailed west from Spain in 1492, he was trying to reach the
    Spice Islands (which today are called Indonesia). Spices were very scarce and valuable
    in Europe at this time. No one knew that two vast oceans and the American continents
    lay between Europe and Asia. Columbus did not find spices in America, but he did bring
    home some gold trinkets. The American Indians wore these as jewellery. Gold, not spices,
    was to become the biggest motive for exploration.
    Expeditions into the interior of the Americas were very costly and very risky. Only by
    promising the authorities huge profits could sailors and soldiers raise money for their
    expeditions. They also needed to promise rich rewards in order to get followers and
    crews. If a leader returned to Europe without gold and jewels, he might end up in jail. No
    wonder the Spanish conquerors were always searching for gold.
    At first, the Spaniards stayed around the coasts of the Caribbean Sea, but stories of gold
    in the interior tempted them to explore inland. They asked the Indians where their gold
    jewellery came from. The Indians would point further inland. They said that a wealthy
    people lived in the high mountains that traded gold and emeralds for pearls, cotton and
    shells.
    The Spanish Emperor had given the rights to exploit present-day Venezuela and
    Colombia to his German bankers in 1528. So Germans--Dalfinger, Federmann and
    Hohermuth--led a series of expeditions into the jungles, grasslands and mountains.
    Meanwhile, Spanish conquerors had found immense riches in gold and silver. Hernando
    Cortes had captured the Kingdom of the Aztecs in Mexico in 1519. He had sent immense
    treasures to Europe. Soon after this, Francesco Pizarro began to explore the west coast
    of South America. In 1531, Pizarro invaded Peru and destroyed the Kingdom of the Incas.
    Pizarro melted down the gold and silver treasures of the Incas, and sent gold and silver
    bricks back to Spain. The rush to find more gold became very heated.
    Rumours came down from the mountains of Colombia about a golden man - el hombre
    Dorado. There were stories about a king so rich that he wore gold dust instead of a coat.
    Colombia was the Kingdom of the Chibchas. They were a trading people who traded salt
    and emeralds for gold, cotton, pearls, and shells. The actual gold did not come from their
    kingdom. It was found in the mountain rivers, and brought to the Chibchas for refining
    and metalwork.
    Several armies converged on Chibcha territory. The first to arrive was the Spaniard
    Quesada, coming up the Magdalene River from the Caribbean. He found the chief cities
    of the Chibchas and seized their gold and emeralds. Shortly afterwards, one of Pizarro's
    captains arrived from Peru and Ecuador. Then the German Federmann arrived from
    Venezuela. Quesada gave the latecomers some gold and jewels to ease their
    disappointment.
    Quesada's men also found out about the Golden Man. High in the mountains was a lake
    created by a meteorite. The Indians believes that the 'golden god' from the sky now lived
    at the bottom of the lake. When a new leader of the tribe was elected, he was covered in
    grease, and fine gold dust was blown over his body so that he appeared to be made of
    gold. He was taken out to the middle of the lake on a raft. He would jump into the lake,
    and stay in the water till the gold dust was washed off. It was considered an offering to
    the god. Gold ornaments were also tossed in the lake. Then the king and his followers
    would return to the shore. This ceremony was stopped several generations before the
    Europeans arrived.
    Many people were unwilling to believe that this was the whole story. They began to
    search for a golden city hidden in the jungle. Many explorers perished in this search.
    In their search for gold, the Spanish conquerors destroyed the great Indian civilizations
    of America. Towns and villages had been ruined, thousands of people killed and
    wonderful pieces of art melted down. Some Indians believed that gold must be a food
    that Europeans desperately needed to stay alive. In many cases, the Europeans
    destroyed the trading and social systems that had produced their wealth. When we think
    about the great achievements of a few conquerors and explorers, we are also sad about
    how much death and damage they caused.
    Америки. Города и деревни были разрушены, тысячи людей убиты и
    чудесные произведения искусства растаяли. Некоторые индейцы считали, что золото должно быть пищей
    что европейцы отчаянно нуждались в том, чтобы остаться в живых. Во многих случаях европейцы
    разрушили торговые и социальные системы, которые произвели их богатство. Когда мы думаем
    о великих достижениях нескольких покорителей и исследователей, мы также сожалеем о
    сколько смерти и ущерба они нанесли.

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